I have been teaching through the Decalogue at my church. As many are aware there are two "versions" in the Bible, one in Exodus and the other in Deuteronomy. I use a software analogy and call them version 1.0 and version 2.0. While there are mostly similar, they are not identical. One difference can be seen in the final (in the order that I am following) commandment. Here Exodus uses the word "covet" twice and Deuteronomy uses "covet" and a related word, "desire." Also "neighbor's house" is listed first in Exodus but "neighbor's house is listed second, after "neighbor's wife" in Deuteronomy. Deuteronomy has a reference to a neighbor's "field" but this is not found in Exodus. Even with these differences, there is little, if any, real difference between the two commands. Here is a simple table that I created (the English translation is the ESV).
|
Exodus 20:17 |
Deuteronomy 5:21 |
|
“Covet” (ḥmd) 2x |
“Covet” (ḥmd) and “desire” (ʾwh) |
|
neighbor’s house |
neighbor’s wife |
|
neighbor’s wife |
neighbor’s house |
|
|
his field |
|
his male servant |
his male servant |
|
his female servant |
his female servant |
|
his ox |
his ox |
|
his donkey |
his donkey |
|
anything that is your neighbor’s |
anything that is your neighbor’s |
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