Ministerial Students, Calling, and PhD Studies

Sean Michael Lucas has a helpful discussion on ministerial students, calling, and PhD studies. As a PhD student myself I have wrestled with some of the issues that Lucas raises in his post.

Special thanks to Kevin for bringing this post to my attention.

I Never Thought: Maher-Shalal-Hash-Baz

I never thought I would see a news editorial with the name Maher-Shalal-Hash-Baz (Isaiah 8:1, 3) in it, but here it is in The Valley Dispatch ("Just Be Thankful You're Not Named Mahershalalhashbaz"). The pertinent section states,

Parents have been giving their kids Biblical names as long as the Bible has been around. I wonder if Old Testament parents were thinking, "Hey, that would be a great Bible name someday," There's Caleb, Gabriel, Rebecca, Noah, Jeremiah and Isaiah, who picked out a doozy of a name for his firstborn. Actually, it was the Lord who told Isaiah what to name his son. The boy's name was Mahershalalhashbaz. Try getting that on a keychain.

The Problems of Digital Tithes and Offerings

A growing number of churches are now offering online giving. While such giving is convenient, there is a theological cost. See Bob Smietana’s article “Tithing evolves from offering plate to click of a mouse.” In the article,

Todd Johnson, professor of worship, theology and the arts at Fuller Theological Seminary in California, says that when offerings become digital, church rituals of offering no longer work.

Worship used to be marked by awe, reverence and sacrifice, he says.

“Now it's seen as a spiritual recharge station,” he says. “The church does not know what to do with giving as a ritual.”

The Kingdom of God in the SBJT

The Spring 2008 issue of the Southern Baptist Journal of Theology is devoted to the topic of the Kingdom of God. Stephen Wellum's editorial and Brian Vicker's article on "The Kingdom of God in Paul's Gospel" are available as pdf downloads (see links below). See also the article in Towers Online.

Editorial: Stephen J. Wellum
"Reflecting on the Kingdom of God"

Graeme Goldsworthy
“The Kingdom of God as Hermeneutic Grid”

Peter J. Gentry
“Kingdom Through Covenant: Humanity as the Divine Image”

Jonathan T. Pennington
“The Kingdom of Heaven in the Gospel of Matthew”

Brian Vickers
“The Kingdom of God in Paul's Gospel”

Russell D. Moore and Robert E. Sagers
“The Kingdom of God and the Church: A Baptist Reassessment”

Todd L. Miles
“A Kingdom without a King? Evaluating the Kingdom Ethic(s) of the Emerging Church”

Latest Issue of The Review of Biblical Literature

The latest issue of the Review of Biblical Literature is out. Reviews that may be of interest to those interested in Bible exposition include:

Paul N. Anderson
The Fourth Gospel and the Quest for Jesus: Modern Foundations Reconsidered
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5879
Reviewed by John Painter

Michael Thomas Davis and Brent A. Strawn, eds.
Qumran Studies: New Approaches, New Questions
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=6114
Reviewed by Heinz-Josef Fabry

April D. DeConick
The Original Gospel of Thomas in Translation: With a Commentary and New English Translation of the Complete Gospel
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5655
Reviewed by Stephan Witetschek

Seenam Kim
The Coherence of the Collections in the Book of Proverbs
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=6093
Reviewed by Johann Cook
Reviewed by Jutta Krispenz

Sarah Malena and David Miano, eds.
Milk and Honey: Essays on Ancient Israel and the Bible in Appreciation of the Judaic Studies Program at the University of California, San Diego
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5940
Reviewed by Wolfgang Zwickel

Mikael C. Parsons
Body and Character in Luke and Acts: The Subversion of Physiognomy in Early Christianity
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5830
Reviewed by Pieter J. J. Botha
Reviewed by Patrick E. Spencer

Todd Penner and Caroline Vander Stichele, eds.
Moving beyond New Testament Theology? Essays in Conversation with Heikki Räisänen
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5492
Reviewed by Jan van der Watt

Richard L. Rohrbaugh
The New Testament in Cross-Cultural Perspective
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5956
Reviewed by Stephan Joubert

C. Kavin Rowe
Early Narrative Christology: The Lord in the Gospel of Luke
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5966
Reviewed by Christopher Tuckett

Naomi Seidman
Faithful Renderings: Jewish-Christian Difference and the Politics of Translation
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5658
Reviewed by Cameron Boyd-Taylor

Brad H. Young
Meet the Rabbis: Rabbinic Thought and the Teachings of Jesus
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5912
Reviewed by Verlyn D. Verbrugge

Bock on Forthcoming Book

Read the brief interview of Darrell Bock concerning the forthcoming book entitled Jesus of Nazareth: A Realistic Portrait, written by Paul Verhoeven and Rob van Scheers.

Bible Quiz Controversy

I had reported a few posts back that a story in the Jerusalem Post was reporting that a group religious Zionist rabbis were calling for a boycott of this year's International Bible Quiz because one of the four finalists from Israel is a Messianic Jew. A new Jerusalem Post story now notes that the two chief rabbis of Israel are calling for the cancellation of the quiz altogether.

A Good Reminder

"Only God omniscient can accurately appraise the results of evangelism. Only He can count converts. When through mass evangelism many thousands come to profess faith in Christ, only He who searches the reins and hearts of men (Rev. 2:23) can judge how many of them possess true and abiding faith. And when Robert Morrison, the father of Protestant missions in China, after twenty-eight years of zealous missionary endeavour numbered but ten souls as his hire, only God knew in how many additional hearts his Spirit was about to begin, or even had begun, a good work."

R. B. Kuiper, God-Centered Evangelism (Edinburgh: Banner of Truth, 1966),221

Pastoral Mentoring

Dustin Benge at his Pastor and People Blog has a helpful post on pastors and mentoring. Dustin identifies the following ten things that he wished someone would have shown or taught him.

1. Show them a heart truly devoted to God and the glory of Christ
2. Show them why to love church history.
3. Teach them to preach and pray
4. Teach them to love books
5. Give them discipline
6. Teach them to love the church
7. Instill in their hearts a passion for missions
8. Teach them to mentor
9. Set an example of Godliness and Holiness
10. Show them why you love to be a pastor

Balaam in the Tell Deir 'Alla Inscription

In 1967 pieces of a plaster inscription was discovered in some building ruins (generally thought to be an ancient sanctuary)[1] located at Tell Deir 'Alla the Transjordan valley near the Jabbok River. The dating of the ink on plaster inscription has ranged from the eighth century to the Persian period, although most seem to hold an eighth century date.[2] The issue of dating was initially complicated by two problems. First, the text is fragmentary and at least fifteen combinations of the inscription have been proposed.[3] Second, the form of the text is debated (Canaanite, Aramaic, both?).[4] However, it is now generally agreed that the first combination (see below) is the most likely and that the text is Aramaic (at least primarily).

In the first combination, and in the first line, Balaam is described as a “seer of the gods” (ḥzh ˒lhn, I, 1). Interestingly, Yahweh is never mentioned, although El, El Shaddayin (plural), and a goddess (whose name is mostly missing from the fragmentary text) are found in the text. The superscription also mentions that Balaam sees an oracle (wyḥzh mḥzh) like a vision (mś˒). The rest of the text contains material not found in the biblical record (although some of the language is similar).[5] The oracle itself appears to relate to divine punishment and the loss of fertility.[6] A detailed examination of the text is not possible here but such treatments are available.[7]

Overall, the inscription, unlike most of the biblical material, presents Balaam as a positive figure. Although he is not called a prophet, he is identified as a seer and his oracle apparently was seen as significant enough to record and place on a wall or stele in a sanctuary. The fact that he is mentioned at all suggests some prominence. What is not certain is who held him in such high regard. The question as to whether the sanctuary was Israelite or non-Israelite has also not been answered definitively.

McCarter's Combination (“The Balaam Texts from Deir 'Alla,” 51-2)

(1) [VACAT] The sa]ying[s of Bala]am, [son of Be]or, the man who was a seer of the gods. Lo! Gods came to him in the night [and spoke to] him (2) according to these w[ord]s. Then they said to [Bala]am, son of Beor, thus: “Let someone make a [ ] hereafter, so that [what] you have hea[rd may be se]en!” (3) And Balaam rose in the morning [ ] right hand [ ]and could not [eat] and wept (4) aloud. Then his people came in to him [and said] to Balaam, son of Beor, “Do you fast? [ ] Do you weep?” And he (5) said to them, “Si[t do]wn! I shall inform you what the Shad[daying have done]. Now come, see the deeds of the g[o]ds! The g[o]ds have gathered (6) and the Shaddayin have taken their places in the assembly and said to Sh[ , thus:] ‘Sew shut the skies with your thick cloud! There let there be darkness and no (7) perpetual shining and n[o] radiance! For you will put a sea[l upon the thick] cloud of darkness and you will not remove it forever! For the swift has (8) reproached the eagle, and the voice of vultures resounds. The st[ork has ] the young of the NHS-bird and ripped up the chicks of the heron. The swallow has belittled (9) the dove, and the sparrow [ ] and [ ] the staff. Instead of ewes the stick is driven along. Hares have eaten (10) [ ]. Freemen[ ] have drunk wine, and hyenas have listened to instruction. The whelps of the (11) f[ox ] laughs at wise men, and the poor woman has mixed myrrh, and the priestess (12) [ ] to the one who wears a girdle of threads. The esteemed esteems and the esteemer is es[teemed. ] and everyone has seen those things that decree offspring and young. (15) [ ] to the leopard. The piglet has chased the young (16) [of ] those who are girded, and the eye. . .’”

---

[1] There is some discussion regarding the original placement of the plaster. Some suggest that it was on a wall and other suggest that it may have been part of a stele. See Gerrit van der Kooij, “Book and Script at Deir 'Alla,” in The Balaam Text from Deir 'Alla Re-Evaluated: Proceedings of the International Symposium Held at Leiden 21-24 August 1989, ed. J. Hoftijzer and G. Van Der Kooij (New York: E. J. Brill, 1991), 239-41.

[2] See P. Kyle McCarter, Jr., “The Balaam Texts from Deir 'Alla: The First Combination,” Bulletin of the Schools of Oriental Research 237 (1980): 49-60, J. Naveh, “The Date of the Deir 'Alla Inscription in Aramaic Script,” Israel Exploration Journal 17 (1967): 236-38.

[3] M. W. Chavalas, “Balaam,” in Dictionary of the Old Testament Pentateuch, ed. T. Desmond Alexander and David W. Baker (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2003), 76.

[4] Dennis Pardee, “The Linguistic Classification of the Deir 'Alla Text,” in The Balaam Text from Deir 'Alla Re-Evaluated: Proceedings of the International Symposium Held at Leiden 21-24 August 1989, ed. J. Hoftijzer and G. Van Der Kooij (New York: E. J. Brill, 1991), 100-05.

[5] Hackett, “Balaam,” 572

[6] Chavalas, “Balaam,” 76.

[7] See Jo Ann Hackett, The Balaam Text from Deir 'Alla, Harvard Semitic Monographs 31, ed. Frank Moore Cross (Chico, CA: Scholars Press, 1980), 21-89, McCarter, “The Balaam Texts from Deir 'Alla: The First Combination,” 51-9.

Genesis One: Hobbins vs. Walton

John Hobbins at Ancient Hebrew Poetry has recently taken John Walton to task for his reading of Genesis 1 (read here). John Walton has now offered a detailed response and defense of his position which is also posted at AHP (here). I think that both posts are worth reading even though one might disagree with both Hobbins and Walton.

Hebrews 2:1-4: A Propositio?

Michael Bird has an interesting question at the Euangelion blog concerning whether Hebrews has a propositio (similar to a thesis statement). Bird writes,

Does Hebrews have a propositio? (Actually, does any NT doc have a propositio, but that is another matter). Recently, Ben Witherington has argued that since Hebrews is a piece of epideictic rhetoric it has no propositio. But if I had to press one passage that certain does fit the function or role of a propositio in Hebrews, it would have to be Heb. 2.1-4:

My knee-jerk response was "no." I have always understood 2:1-4 as simply a warning passage but I must admit I am now thinking about Bird's question. Make sure to read his entire post here.

Prayer and Evangelism

“To pray, however fervently, for the conversion of the unsaved, whether they be in China or in the house next door, and to take no action whatever toward acquainting them with the gospel of Jesus Christ, is an abomination.

“To be never so diligent in bringing the evangel to the lost, and not to pray that God may bless the evangel to their hearts unto salvation, is the height of folly, for only God the Holy Spirit can effectually by the Word call sinners to repentance.”

R. B. Kuiper, God-Centered Evangelism (Edinburgh: Banner of Truth, 1966),151.

Nebi Samwil

Todd Bolin has an excellent discussion of a recent Biblical Archaeology Review article on Nebi Samwil. Todd demonstrates persuasively that one of the premises in the BAR article, that Nebi Samwil is Mizpah is incorrect.

"Does a Literal Translation Matter with a Digital Bible?"

Hall Harris has an interesting post in which he asks, "Does a Literal Translation Matter with a Digital Bible?" Make sure that you also read the comments posted as well.

Substitutionary Atonement and Proverbs

Dan Phillips at the Pyromaniacs blog has an interesting two-part post on "Substitutionary Atonement and Proverbs" here and here.

Father, Son and Spirit: The Trinity and John’s Gospel

See Andreas Köstenberger's blog for a write up on his forthcoming book entitled Father, Son and Spirit: The Trinity and John’s Gospel.

Genesis 1 and Creation

John MacArthur at Pulpit Magazine has a couple of posts on "Genesis 1 and Biblical Authority" and "Taking Genesis at Face Value."

Bible Quiz Boycott

A story in the Jerusalem Post notes that,

A group of religious Zionist rabbis have called for a boycott of this year's International Bible Quiz after discovering that one of the four finalists from Israel is a Messianic Jew who believes Jesus is the true Messiah.

John Hannah on Job 38-42

The latest PreachingTodaySermons.com e-mail newsletter has the following points from John Hannah on Job 38-42.

Is There Any Comfort?
by John Hannah
Text: Job 38-42
Topic: How God comforts us even when there are no answers
Big Idea: When Job questioned God, God responded not with answers, but with his character, which brought Job comfort.
Keywords: Comfort; God, goodness of; God, sovereignty of; Peace; Suffering

Introduction: God's deepest comforts are not attached to answers.

Job shares some insights gained on the anvil of experience.

• Job lost everything - possessions, family, health - and had 3 lousy friends to boot.
• Job answers his friends with 3 answers: one correct answer, but 2 wrong ones:
  - He's correct to say it wasn't his personal sin that caused his tragedy.
  - He's incorrect to say 1) God is uncaring, and 2) God is not in control.
• We sometimes make the same incorrect assumptions about God when in crisis.
• In Job 31:35, Job asks the universal question: "Why?"

God responds to Job's questions.

• Job 38-42 is the longest discourse in the Bible in which God speaks.
• God responds to Job's questions by raising seventy questions of his own.
• In Job 38:4-39:30, God answers Job's charge that he is unkind.
• In Job 40:6-41:34, God answers Job's charge that he is not in control.

Job responds to God's replies.

• In Job 40:3, Job essentially says he has no right to accuse God of not caring.
• In Job 42:6, Job repents for saying God didn't care.
• The point: Job had a terrific change of mind, even though God gave no answers.
• Job found comfort not in answers, but in God's revealed character. We can too.
  - Illustration: Hannah tells of the time his wife discovered a lump on her breast, and he found comfort in God's character.

Conclusion: What is the source of your comfort? The answer is in God's character.

1 Thessalonians 2:17–3:13: A Summary

In 1 Thessalonians 2:17–3:13, Paul continues to respond to criticisms leveled against him by some in Thessalonica. Apparently his opponents suggested that he did not really care about them, an attitude confirmed by his failure to make a return visit to the church. Paul addresses this spurious criticism in at least four ways.

First, Paul tells the Thessalonians that despite the criticism he has received he still cares for them deeply, and thus, desires to revisit them, and rejoices in them, especially in light of the expectation of Christ’s return (2:17–20). Paul’s failure to pay a return visit was not spiritual indifference but rather satanic interference (v. 18).

Second, Paul tells the Thessalonians that although he could not come personally, his concern for them was reflected in the fact that Timothy was sent to strengthen and encourage them (3:1–5). Paul’s explanation that “we thought it best to be left behind at Athens alone” should be read in light of the difficulties and challenges of ministry in a pagan environment and the uncertainties of travel and communication in the ancient world. Yet Paul was willing to sacrifice the support and companionship of one of his most trusted coworkers for the Thessalonians sake. How many pastors today would be willing to release a key member of their ministry team for the welfare of another church?

Third, Paul gives evidence of his concern for the Thessalonians by noting his rejoicing at Timothy’s return and positive report and by his desire to return to them for further ministry (3:6–10). Paul was comforted: “now we really live” (vv. 7–8), thankful (v. 9, cf. 1:2; 2:13), and prayerful (v. 10–13). Coincidentally, note that Paul prays for three things: (1) that he might come again (v. 11b); (2) that they might continue in love (v. 12); (3) that they might be consecrated in holiness (v. 13).

I conclude with the following observations/questions/ applications.

• One of the undeniable observations that can be made in this passage is Paul’s great love and concern for the church. Do you take your church for granted? Are you concerned for your fellow believers? If not, commit yourself to becoming personally involved in the mission and ministry of the church. Where there is commitment there will be concern.
  
• The Christian dynamic involves having a faith toward God and love for one another (v. 6). So entrust yourselves to God and give yourselves to others in love.
  
• Paul was thankful yet not complacent concerning the spiritual growth of the Thessalonians. Thank God that those you have shepherded are not what they once were, but ask God to make them more like Christ than are now.

Thomas Aquinas and the Ascension

Michael Barber at the Singing in the Reign blog has an interesting post concerning Thomas Aquinas' and Jesus' Ascension, namely five purposes for the Ascension.

New Dead Sea Scroll Display

The Associated Press has posted the following story:

JERUSALEM (AP) — A rarely displayed segment of the Dead Sea Scrolls will be part of an exhibition for President Bush and other dignitaries attending Israel's 60th anniversary celebrations next month, a museum official said Wednesday.

The ancient manuscripts date back over 2,000 years and contain almost the full text of the Jewish Bible.

The segment on display will be from Psalm 133. It reads: "Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity."

There are about 1,000 segments of the ancient scroll. Eight pieces are on permanent display at the Israel Museum and the rest, including Psalm 133, are kept by the Israel Antiquities Authority and rarely shown, a spokesman said Wednesday.

Many of the fragments were found in a cave next to the Dead Sea. Others were bought from collectors of ancient artifacts.

Latest Issue of Review of Biblical Literature

The latest issue of the Review of Biblical Literature is out. Reviews that may be of interest to those interested in Bible exposition include:

Martin Beck and Ulrike Schorn, eds.
Auf dem Weg zur Endgestalt von Genesis bis II Regum: Festschrift Hans-Christoph Schmitt zum 65. Geburtstag
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5946
Reviewed by Klaas Spronk

Beate Ego and Helmut Merkel, eds.
Religiöses Lernen in der biblischen, frühjüdischen und früjchristlichen Überlieferung
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=6030
Reviewed by Wilhelm Pratscher

Eldon Jay Epp
Junia: The First Woman Apostle
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=4958
Reviewed by Nancy Calvert-Koyzis

Alice Hunt
Missing Priests: The Zadokites in Tradition and History
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5958
Reviewed by Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer

Lenka Karfíková, Scott Douglass, and Johannes Zachhuber, eds.
Gregory of Nyssa: Contra Eunomium II: An English Version with Supporting Studies, Proceedings of the 10th International Colloqium on Gregory of Nyssa (Olomouc, September 15-18, 2004)
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5876
Reviewed by Mark Weedman

Ivan Shing Chung Kwong
The Word Order of the Gospel of Luke: Its Foregrounded Messages
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5903
Reviewed by Steven Runge

Adriane B. Leveen
Memory and Tradition in the Book of Numbers
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=6153
Reviewed by Thomas B. Dozeman

Philip L. Mayo
"Those Who Call Themselves Jews": The Church and Judaism in the Apocalypse of John
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5405
Reviewed by Jack T. Sanders

Christoph Nihan
From Priestly Torah to Pentateuch: A Study in the Composition of the Book of Leviticus
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=6341
Reviewed by Eckart Otto

William M. Schniedewind and Joel H. Hunt
A Primer on Ugaritic Language, Culture, and Literature
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5978
Reviewed by Robert D. Holmstedt

John Howard Schütz
Paul and the Anatomy of Apostolic Authority
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=6082
Reviewed by Graydon F. Snyder

Tommy Wasserman
The Epistle of Jude: Its Text and Transmission
http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=5824
Reviewed by Stephen D. Patton

Salvation and Redemption

I have frequently noticed that usage of theological/biblical terminology and concepts is often a bit careless. A case in point is the use of the terms salvation and redemption. So I thought I would include a quote from Ronald Youngblood's book The Heart of the Old Testament which I have working through. Youngblood writes,

Although intimately related to each other, salvation and redemption are not simply synonymous terms. Cognate to the noun salvation is the verb save, which carries with it the general idea of deliverance or release from danger, slavery, imprisonment, debt, and the like. Cognate to the noun redemption is the verb redeem, which connotes the payment of a price by means of which salvation is effected. Salvation is thus a general concept, whereas redemption is more specific. (p. 102)